สถานภาพปัจจุบันของการพัฒนาพันธุ์ข้าวต้านทานเพลี้ยกระโดดสีน้ำตาลโดยใช้เครื่องหมายโมเลกุลในประเทศไทย
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เพลี้ยกระโดดสีน้ำตาลเป็นแมลงศัตรูข้าวที่สําคัญ ทําให้ผลผลิตข้าวในพื้นที่ปลูกนาชลประทานภาคเหนือตอนล่าง ภาคกลาง และภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือเสียหายอย่างมาก การปลูกข้าวอย่างต่อเนื่องและการใช้สารฆ่าแมลงที่ไม่ถูกต้องและเกินความจําเป็น คือสาเหตุสําคัญที่ก่อให้เกิดการแพร่ระบาดของเพลี้ยกระโดดสีน้ำตาลในนาข้าว การใช้พันธุ์ต้านทานนับเป็นวิธีที่ดีสําหรับการแก้ไขปัญหานี้ ความก้าวหน้างานวิจัยด้านจีโนมข้าว นักวิจัยสามารถค้นพบยีนต้านทานเพลี้ยกระโดดสีน้ำตาลและเครื่องหมายโมเลกุล ที่สามารถนํามาใช้พัฒนาพันธุ์ข้าวจํานวนมาก ประเทศไทยเริ่มมีการศึกษาและพัฒนาเครื่องหมายโมเลกุลเพื่อปรับปรุงพันธุ์ต้านทานเพลี้ยกระโดดสีน้ำตาล ประมาณ ปี 2543 จนพัฒนาได้สายพันธุ์ดีเด่นที่มีคุณภาพเมล็ดเหมือนขาวดอกมะลิ 105 และชัยนาท 1 สายพันธุ์ดังกล่าวสามารถพัฒนาเป็นพันธุ์ต้านทานเพื่อรักษาผลผลิตข้าวในพื้นที่เสี่ยง และสามารถใช้เป็นฐานพันธุกรรมความต้านทานเพื่อพัฒนาพันธุ์ข้าวคุณภาพดีในโครงการปรับปรุงพันธุ์ต่อไป บทความนี้ได้กล่าวถึงทัศนคติการปรับปรุงพันธุ์ข้าวต้านทานโดยใช้เครื่องหมายโมเลกุล และแสดงให้เห็นว่าเครื่องหมายโมเลกุลเป็นเครื่องมือที่ดี สําหรับการพัฒนาพันธุ์ต้านทานเพลี้ยกระโดดสีน้ำตาล และเป็นแนวทางการลดระยะเวลาการปรับปรุงพันธุ์ข้าวในอนาคต
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