Contamination of Aflatoxin B 1 and Ochratoxin A in Brown Rice and White Rice
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Rice is the stable food of Thai people and also to be the first level among the agricultural commodities for export. In the recent year, most of the consumer give awareness to the safety of food. Moreover, this issue was taken to use as the trade barrier for import-export. This study have been conducted to investigate the possibility of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A contamination in brown rice and white rice. Brown rice and white rice samples were collected from 5 markets with 5 samples of each kind per market in Bangkok in June 2009. ELISA technique was employed to use in this study for their rapid test of hundred samples. DOA-Aflatoxin ELISA test kit was used to detect Aflatoxin B1 whereas Ochratoxin A was detected in rice using ELISA test kit of Neogen, USA. Contamination of Aflatoxin B1 was found to be the most in brown rice with 92%. The average amount of Aflatoxin B1 in brown rice was 2.912 µg/kg (0-4.56 µg/kg). Lower Aflatoxin B1 contamination in white rice was investigated with 56% the average of 0.702 µg/kg (0-2.53 µg/kg). Ochratoxin A was also detected in brown rice ranging from 0 -1.60 µg/kg with the average 0.292 µg/kg of 40 % positive samples. None of white rice tested samples were detected for Ochratoxin A contamination. Moreover, only 3% of Aspergillus flavus was found in brown rice and none in white rice. No Aspergillus ochraceus was found in both kinds of rice. The result showed that the detectable level of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A in both brown rice and white rice were lower than the regulatory limited.
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