Feeding Rate, Longevity and Fecundity of Adults Rice Hispa, Dicladispa armigera (Olivier) on Rice and Alternative Host Plants under Laboratory Condition
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Abstract
Rice hispa (Dicladispa armigera (Olivier)) (Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae) is a minor pest of rice, that leads to frequent severe outbreaks in central regions that are continually cultivated rice areas. If the rice hispa’s issues occur regularly, it might negatively affect rice yields. Hence, this research aimed to study the feeding rate of the adult rice hispa on rice leaves under laboratory conditions. We also aimed to study the survival ability of rice hispa fed by some different alternate host plants that can provide valuable data in rice field management to effectively control this pest. The assessment of the damaged leaf area of Pathum Thani 1 rice variety at tillering stage (30-45 days after transplanting) showed that female adults could destroy more significantly different rice leaf areas than male adults throughout their life span. The percentage of damaged areas on leaves caused by female and male adults were 6.12% and 3.63% per one adult, respectively. The trend in feeding rate gradually decreased when those adults become older. Moreover, comparing the feeding of rice hispa adults on rice and other 12 alternate host plants revealed that species of the alternate host plants affected the longevity and the fecundity of rice hispa. The adults fed on rice leaves had longer life spans significantly different than those fed on other plant species; i.e., maize and bermudagrass, respectively. We observed that the adults had the shortest life span when they were fed on coat button leaves. Moreover, the female adults specifically chose to lay their eggs on leaves of 4 plant species which were rice, maize, bermudagrass, and small flower umbrella sedge, only. Therefore, we should immediately prevent rice hispa adults when their population higher than an economic threshold. Also, alternative host plants as weeds should be eliminated to control rice hispa’s pest population in the off-season.
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References
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